Clinton’s push (and the accompanying dollars) led to genuine excitement in the HIV vaccine field. The excitement met reality in 2007, however, when the lead vaccine candidate in the trial, called the Step trial, proved not only ineffective but dangerous. Vaccine recipients actually had a higher rate of infection, prompting rapid closure of the trial. But work has pushed on. In the darkness that followed the failure of the Step trial came results from a less widely advertised and seemingly less promising vaccine, called RV 144, in volunteers in Thailand. A modest benefit was shown and additional examination of results has identified a specific immune response that seems to predict a clinical response â€" a place, finally, maybe, for scientists to set up shop . The finding was so exciting that one group, despite the dismal track record of past predictions, declared that the world should have a real HIV vaccine by 2019.
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